Lemon hydrosol is obtained through a process of steam distillation (hydrodistillation) of lemon peels. Here is how this process unfolds step by step:
Lemon peels are placed in a still connected to a boiler, in which steam is produced.
This steam is then directed into the distiller containing the lemon peels. The increase in temperature triggers the release of the essential oil they contain. The temperature inside the distiller must be slightly above 50°C, which is the flash point of lemon essential oil. Beyond this temperature, it begins to evaporate, allowing the steam to become enriched with the essential oil.
The water vapor, carrying the essential oil, is then cooled in a coil immersed in a refrigerant bath. This change in temperature liquefies the vapor.
See AlsoDIY Thieves SprayWater and oil, of different densities, are then separated in a separator. The lower phase consists of water lightly charged with essential oil, this is known as lemon hydrosol. The pure essential oil, less dense than water, makes up the upper phase of the liquid.
Although the concentration of active ingredients in lemon hydrosol is lower than that of lemon essential oil, it remains a valuable commodity. It notably contains limonene, pinenes, linalool, geranial, and traces of vitamin C. Hydrosols are generally quite delicate and certain precautions must be taken regarding their preservation. They are very sensitive to light and heat, as well as oxidation and microbial infections.
To maintain the properties of lemon hydrosol, it is crucial to store it in a dry and cool place, protected from heat, moisture, and light. We therefore recommend keeping it in an amber bottle, in the refrigerator, combining darkness and coolness, which helps to limit bacterial growth. After opening, the lemon hydrosol should be used within six months thereafter.
