Probiotics: Supplements vs. Fermented Foods (2024)

  • Nutrition

by Emily Oberg

Probiotics: Supplements vs. Fermented Foods (1)



By Taylor Davis

Probiotics are strands of healthy bacteria that play an important role in the overall health of your gut (also known as your “second brain”). Regulating mood, boosting your immune system, decreasing inflammation, removing toxins, and assisting with both digestion and metabolism are some of the profound functions of probiotics.

For quite a long time I was paying between $40-70 on probiotic supplements each month. Although an expensive habit, I thought the benefits outweighed the cost. I had a loose understanding of what probiotics were and where they came from. Based on the high price point, I was admittedly tricked into thinking these supplements were the most effective approach for maintaining a healthy level of gut flora. However, about a year ago I came across a “brine juice” in a health food store that was made from fermented vegetables, claiming to have a much larger count of bacteria than any bottle of probiotic supplements that I was used to taking. I started to do some reading on the effectiveness of probiotics in supplement form versus fermented foods and was surprised at what I found.

For one, fermented foods are far more potent than probiotic supplements. To give you an idea, 2 ounces of sauerkraut has more probiotics than 100 capsules. 4-6 ounces of fermented vegetables has around 10 trillion bacteria, compared to the average probiotic supplement that contains around 10 billion. In general, the diversity of microorganisms present in fermented foods are far greater than those in supplements.

In terms of the price point, fermented foods are shockingly cheaper than supplements. You can typically buy a jar of fermented vegetables, or a brine, for $7-8, which can last you about a month. A bottle of probiotic supplements lasts around 30 days and ranges anywhere from $35- $100. Comparing the amount of bacteria present in each jar to the amount that’s in a bottle of probiotic supplements, you’re undoubtedly saving way more money.

It was interesting to also learn that the delivery method influences the effectiveness of the bacteria. For example, consuming foods with probiotics in them increases how many beneficial bacteria survive the acidic environment in your stomach. Fermented foods also contain beneficial enzymes in them that help you absorb nutrients more easily. When you ferment foods that have phytic acid in them (like nuts, seeds, and legumes), you decrease the physic acid in them and counteract their ability to reduce mineral absorption.

Scientists at the University of California have said “the benefits of fermented foods are likely greater than the sum of their individual microbial, nutritive, or bioactive components.” It’s easy to forget that when we supplement something, we’re often missing out on other valuable nutrients that are present in the whole food source. For example, fermented foods have different ‘bioactives’ in them that each have their own unique health benefits. Kefir has a bioactive in it called kefiran, which has antibacterial, tumor, and anti-fungal properties. In general, fermented foods have more “superfood benefits” than supplements and are better detoxifiers.

Last but not least, I discovered that the probiotic supplement market is somewhat unregulated. The only probiotic supplements that are tested for safety and efficacy are ones specifically marketed for a medical condition. If they aren’t, they undergo no testing. Thus, the bacteria count found on the bottles is also quite questionable.

This served as a reminder for me to be more particular about the brands that I continue to supplement with. More importantly, it brought about the simple realization that supplements are not a substitute for a poor diet. This propelled me to look for ways I could diversify my diet to include more foods I was relying on supplements for.

Some tips:

- If you’ve never eaten fermented foods, you want to start out really slow to prevent a “healing crisis”. This happens when the bacteria kill off pathogens and the pathogens release toxins when they die, which can cause a really upset stomach. Start with 1 teaspoon of sauerkraut per meal, or half a shot of brine a day.

-Kefir, yogurt, miso, pickle juice, and any fermented vegetables are great sources of probiotics.

-Make sure there’s no vinegar listed on the ingredients because this means they aren’t properly fermented and therefore have no probiotics in them.

-Look for fermented vegetables that say ‘lacto fermented’ or ‘naturally fermented’ and are refrigerated. - Choose raw fermented foods whenever possible as pasteurization can potentially killbeneficial microbes.

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Probiotics: Supplements vs. Fermented Foods (2024)

FAQs

Probiotics: Supplements vs. Fermented Foods? ›

Fermented foods offer a wide range of probiotics and essential nutrients, making them a holistic choice for gut health. However, probiotic supplements can provide specific strains in precise doses, making each beneficial based on individual health goals and needs.

Is it better to eat fermented food or take a probiotic? ›

There are two ways to get more good bacteria into your gut: fermented foods and dietary supplements. Fermented foods are the most natural source. Probiotic supplements, which are typically sold over the counter, are reserved to treat specific ailments as suggested by your doctor, and not recommended for everyday use.

Is it better to take probiotic supplements or eat probiotic foods? ›

“More research needs to be done on probiotics in general and probiotic supplements, but it's always better to get your nutrients from food rather than supplements,” Daniel-MacDougall says. “They just don't deliver the same benefits as food.” One reason is because supplements aren't regulated as closely as medications.

Can fermented foods replace probiotics? ›

The quick answer to this question is no – fermented foods are generally not sources of probiotics. Despite the popular assertion to the contrary, very few fermented foods contain microbes that fit the criteria to be called probiotic. But this fact does not mean that fermented foods are bad for you.

Is kimchi better than probiotic pills? ›

Eat things like kimchi, yogurt, and kefir

"At the moment, the current evidence suggests you're better off not taking commercial probiotics, but just taking fermented foods," Spector said. "Fermented foods are basically probiotics — live microbes — but actually in food, as opposed to in a capsule."

Is sauerkraut better than probiotic pills? ›

But sauerkraut has two further advantages: 1) One study found that a single batch contains up to 28 different bacterial strains. That's many more than you'll find in a standard probiotic supplement. 2) Because they're in food form, these probiotics may be more likely to reach your intestines intact.

Is it better to drink kefir or take probiotics? ›

However, an open access study published in the peer-reviewed Nature journal suggests that kefir may be the most effective. thanks to the fermentation process and contains live probiotic bacteria. It has been associated with anti-cholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pathogenic effects.

Is there a downside to taking probiotics? ›

Possible harmful effects of probiotics include infections, production of harmful substances by the probiotic microorganisms, and transfer of antibiotic resistance genes from probiotic microorganisms to other microorganisms in the digestive tract.

What naturally kills bad bacteria in the gut? ›

An anti-inflammatory diet, regular exercise, good quality sleep, and probiotics are all strategies to put in place before trying antimicrobials or antibiotics to get rid of bad bacteria.

Do probiotic supplements really work? ›

Are they beneficial? There is no clear evidence that probiotics are beneficial. While many small studies have been conducted, there has been no standardized way to study probiotics and their effects, making it difficult to compare the results of different studies.

What is the healthiest fermented food? ›

Fermented Foods for Gut Health
  • Miso (refrigerated)
  • Pickles (in salt, not vinegar)
  • Sauerkraut (choose refrigerated)
  • Kimchi.
  • Kombucha (no sugar)
  • Other probiotic drinks (no sugar), like beet Kvass, apple cider.
  • Various other cultured products.
  • You can also easily make fermented vegetables, such as sauerkraut at home!
Jun 19, 2019

Is apple cider vinegar a fermented probiotic? ›

Apple cider vinegar is a fermented food, so it does contain bacteria. But there isn't adequate research yet to show whether these bacteria survive digestion. Therefore, although many consider apple cider vinegar is a probiotic food, it is technically not a probiotic.

Do I need probiotics if I eat fermented foods? ›

The short answer: Contrary to what many think (and what labels may incorrectly tell you), fermented foods and probiotics are not necessarily one and the same. If you want specific, scientifically validated health benefits, your best option is to take a probiotic supplement.

Can eating kimchi everyday destroy gut bacteria? ›

Along with fiber, vitamins, and minerals, kimchi contains natural probiotic bacteria. If you eat them regularly, the probiotics in fermented foods can be beneficial to your gut microbiome. Studies suggest that eating kimchi on a daily basis could help to improve some digestive problems.

Is kefir or kimchi better? ›

Including Kimchi in your diet may help you manage cholestrol and balance blood sugar levels. A fermented milk drink similar to drinkable yogurt, kefir is full of calcium and probiotics. Kefir may be useful for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, immunity and neurological disorders.

What happens to your gut when you eat fermented foods? ›

Eating fermented foods can help maintain a healthy gut microbiome. Having a diverse array of bacteria in your intestinal tract not only supports regular digestion, but it also has been linked to everything from better mood and blood sugar control to lower risks of allergies and improved immune function.

When should I eat fermented foods for gut health? ›

Eat ferments consistently, three times a day as a lifestyle approach over the course of your life. Eat a biodiversity of fermented and probiotic foods. Time your consumption to the beginning of any meal that has cooked foods to conserve your enzyme potential and lengthen your life.

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