It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (2024)

There's no standardized system for food dating in this country. So is it really any wonder why dates on packaged foods are a bit, baffling? Approximately 40 states require dates on some perishable foods, like meat and dairy, so nowadays, you're likely to see your groceries labeled. But spoiler alert (pun intended): most food products are safe to consume past the date on the label, according to the USDA's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS).

In order to reduce food waste, FSIS recommends that regardless of the date, consumers should evaluate the quality of the food before deciding to eat it or throw it away. (The one exception: Federal law requires a date on all infant formulas for safety and it should always be followed.) So what exactly do expiration dates mean then, and is it safe to eat food past the expiration date?

How Long You Can Store (Almost) Anything in the Fridge and Freezer

With help from experts and product manufacturers, Real Simple compiled this simple guide to reading expiration dates and when to worry about food safety, so you can shop smarter and waste less.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (1)

How to Read Expiration Dates

Depending on where you live, you may see different dates on your food and each has a different purpose. Here's a bit of clarity based on information from the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT) and FSIS.

Best If Used By/Before: This is a quality assurance date and serves as a "suggestion" for when the taste and quality of food are at their peak. It is not a purchase or safety date.

Use By: This is the suggested date by when you should eat the food. But just because it's a day or two past the use-by date doesn't mean that consuming it will make you sick, although you should evaluate the quality of the food yourself after this time. It is not a safety date, except when used on infant formula.

Sell By: This is not a safety date, but rather a date for retailers that helps them determine how long an item should remain on the shelf. According to the IFT, "one-third of a product's shelf-life remains after the sell-by date for the consumer to use at home."

Freeze By: According to the USDA, this date indicates when a product should be frozen to maintain peak quality. It is not a purchase or safety date.

How Long Are Foods Good After the Expiration Date?

"With an exception of infant formula, if the date [on your food] passes during home storage, a product should still be safe and wholesome if handled properly until the time spoilage is evident," according to FSIS. You can tell if a food is spoiled if it has an off odor, flavor, or texture.

With that in mind, here are the recommended expiration date guidelines for common foods thrown away too early.

The Secret to Storing Every Type of Fruit and Vegetable

Food Expiration Date Chart

EggsEat within 3 to 5 weeks when refrigerated
YogurtEat within 2 weeks when refrigerated; within 2 months when frozen
MilkDrink within 1 week (opened) when refrigerated; within 3 months when frozen
ButterEat within 3 months when refrigerated; within 6 months when frozen
BaconEat within 2 weeks (unopened) or 1 week (opened) when refrigerated; within 1 month when frozen
Cold cuts, packagedEat within 2 weeks (unopened) or 5 days (opened) when refrigerated; within 2 months when frozen
Hot dogsEat within 2 weeks (unopened) or 1 week (opened) when refrigerated; within 1 to 2 months when frozen
KetchupEat within 6 months (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 1 year (unopened)
MayonnaiseEat within 2 months (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 3 months (unopened)
Jams and jelliesEat within 6 months (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 1 year (unopened)
Rice and dried pastaEat within 2 years
Beer, bottles and cansDrink within 1 day (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 9 months (unopened)
Soda, bottles and cansDrink within 2 days (opened) when refrigerated; can store in pantry for 6 months (unopened)

How Long Does Canned Food Last?

Yes, canned food can go bad. According to the USDA, high-acid canned goods, like tomatoes and citrus fruits, will keep for up to 1.5 years. Low-acid canned goods—that's pretty much everything else, including vegetables, meat, and fish—will last for up to 5 years, which makes them some of the top emergency foods to stockpile.

Canned foods are sterile, so they won't host bacteria, but eventually, the taste and texture of the items inside will deteriorate over time. Keep them at room temperature in a dark place (as you would with oils and spices), like a cabinet or a pantry, and avoid buying bulging, rusted, leaking, or deeply dented cans as they have a higher chance of being spoiled. Using an organizing tool in the same vein as a spice rack can help you keep track of your canned food to ensure proper rotation.

How Long Does Frozen Food Last?

Items from the freezer section are safe to eat indefinitely. They have expiration dates because they won't taste good forever; flavor and texture break down over time. Once you open a bag of frozen peas or corn, pour out a portion rather than reaching in with your hand, which can introduce bacteria. (Bacteria can't grow in the freezer, but they can survive. If you don't cook an item after you defrost it, the bacteria could still be dangerous.)

Here's the Best Way to Store Food in the Freezer

How Long Do Leftovers Last?

Have a giant pot of chili that would feed a team of football players? Invite them over. According to the USDA, most refrigerated leftovers last 4 days, tops. Dishes that contain seafood or uncooked ingredients, like mayonnaise, spoil faster; so be sure to eat them within a couple of days. Don't let uneaten food linger on the counter for more than 2 hours. The longer a dish sits at room temperature, the more susceptible it is to bacteria growth. It's fine to put warm food in the refrigerator or freezer. When handling a dish that will take many hours to cool fully—a huge stockpot full of stew, say—transfer it to several smaller containers first.

Meanwhile, leftover meals you store in the freezer should be tossed in 3 to 4 months. After that, they can become icy and start to take on the flavors of other foods in the freezer.

Food Storage Guidelines Chart

Are you still concerned your food has gone bad? Consult our handy food storage guide, and find out how long everything lasts in the fridge, freezer, and pantry. You can even print out the charts below and put it up on the fridge for future reference. This first one covers all things dairy, including cheese, yogurt, and milk.

Dairy

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (2)

Meat, Poultry, & Seafood

Here, you can get information about meat, poultry, and seafood.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (3)

Pantry

This chart covers pantry items, including rice, pasta, and condiments.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (4)

Produce

Finally, refer to this chart for information about storing fruits and vegetables.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What is the standard expiration date format for foods?

    The standard format is MMDDYY, where “MM” refers to the month, “DD” refers to the date, and “YY” refers to the year. So if a product says 101525, it means that the product expires on October 15, 2025.

  • Is it safe to buy food on its expiration date?

    Generally speaking, yes, it is safe to buy food on its expiration date. Expiration dates have more to do with the food's overall quality and texture instead of when it is safe or not safe to eat. As long as there are no signs of spoilage, you can eat it, but it might not taste as fresh as it once was.

  • What foods can you not eat after the expiration date?

    While most shelf-stable foods are safe to eat much longer than their expiration date. The same goes for frozen foods, as bacteria cannot grow in the freezer. But things like milk, cheese, fresh vegetables, and fruit should not be eaten past their prime because they can harbor bacteria that can be dangerous to your body. This is caused by the natural breakdown of organic matter. You'll also be able to tell that these foods have gone bad based on their appearance and smell.

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Sources

Real Simple is committed to using high-quality, reputable sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts in our articles. Read our editorial guidelines to learn more about how we fact check our content for accuracy.

  1. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, Food Product Dating. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

  2. Institute of Food Technologists (IFT), ScienceDaily, The Difference Between "Use-By" "Sell-By" and "Best-By" Dates. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

  3. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service. Shelf-Stable Food Safety. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

  4. USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, Leftovers and Food Safety. Accessed Jan. 18, 2023.

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok (2024)

FAQs

It's Usually Safe to Eat Food Past the Expiration Date—Here's How to Know When It's Ok? ›

Generally speaking, yes, it is safe to buy food on its expiration date. Expiration dates have more to do with the food's overall quality and texture instead of when it is safe or not safe to eat. As long as there are no signs of spoilage, you can eat it, but it might not taste as fresh as it once was.

How long can you eat food after the expiration date? ›

Sell-By Date: Refers to the last day a retailer can display a product for sale; typically a food is safe to eat for 10 days after the Sell-by Date if refrigerated properly. Use-By Date: Refers to the last day a product will maintain its optimum freshness, flavor, and texture.

What happens if you eat old expired food? ›

Expiry dates are not arbitrary; they are determined through rigorous scientific testing. Consuming expired foods can lead to food poisoning and other health complications. Foodborne illnesses caused by expired foods can have severe consequences, especially for vulnerable populations.

Can you eat eggs 2 months out of date? ›

On those egg cartons, if an expiration date appears, it can be no more than 30 days after the pack date. "As long as they're kept properly refrigerated at 40°F or lower, fresh eggs are safe to eat four to five weeks beyond the carton's Julian date," Maloberti says.

Can you eat 40 year old canned food? ›

According to the United States Department of Agriculture, canned contents are safe to eat as long as the can is in “good shape.” The Canned Food Alliance agrees, citing 100-year-old canned food that was recovered from sunken ships and tested microbiologically safe.

Do dates expire in the fridge? ›

Dates are best stored in the refrigerator in an air tight container to help them retain moisture. They can be stored up to 6 months in the refrigerator, but may lose moisture the longer they sit. Large quantities of dates can also be frozen for up to one year.

What is the rule of expiration date? ›

Expiration dates on food products are not required by federal law, except for infant formula. When they're used, they usually indicate that the food should have its best taste and texture up until that date. It is an assurance of quality, not an assurance of safety.

How fast can expired food make you sick? ›

Illness often starts in about 1 to 3 days. But symptoms can start any time from 30 minutes to 3 weeks after eating contaminated food. The length of time depends on the type of bacteria or virus causing the illness. Each person's symptoms may vary.

What to do if you accidentally eat expired food? ›

Hydrate: Drinking plenty of water can help flush out toxins and alleviate symptoms of food poisoning. Staying hydrated is quite essential. Seek Medical Advice: If you experience severe symptoms or if you are concerned about your health, seek medical attention immediately.

Is it OK to throw away expired food? ›

The U.S. Department of Agriculture notes that most food is safe even after such dates unless “spoilage is evident.” Given the lack of clarity about what these dates mean, many consumers employ a “when in doubt, throw it out” strategy.

How do I know if an egg is bad? ›

Simply fill a bowl with cold tap water and place your eggs in it. If they sink to the bottom and lay flat on one side, they are fresh and good to eat. A bad egg will float because of the large air cell that forms at its base. Any floating eggs should be thrown out.

How to tell if eggs are old? ›

Perform a float test

To perform the float test, gently set your egg into a bowl or bucket of water. If the egg sinks, it is fresh. If it tilts upwards or even floats, it is old.

Do eggs expire in the refrigerator? ›

Information. Eggs may be refrigerated three to five weeks from the day they are placed in the refrigerator. The "Sell-By" date will usually expire during that length of time, but the eggs will be perfectly safe to use. Always purchase eggs before the "Sell-By" or EXP (expiration) date on the carton.

Does peanut butter go bad? ›

An open jar of commercially processed peanut butter lasts up to 3 months in the pantry and up to 9 months in the refrigerator. Natural peanut butter has a shorter shelf life and lasts up to 6 months in the refrigerator once opened.

Does canned tuna go bad? ›

“The shelf life of canned tuna can vary depending on a few factors, including packaging, processing methods, and storage conditions, but generally, canned tuna has a long shelf life and can remain safe to eat for an extended period, which can range from 2 to 5 years, or even more,” Best explains.

Can you eat 10 year old home canned food? ›

As long as the can is in good shape, the contents should be safe to eat, although the taste, texture and nutritional value of the food can diminish over time. Home canned foods should be used within 1 year.

Is expired can food safe to eat? ›

It's typically safe to eat food that's past its expiration date, with a few exceptions. If the can in question contains a higher-acid food such as tomatoes, fruits, pickles, sauerkraut, or a food in a vinegar-based sauce, the USDA recommends discarding these items after 18 months from date of purchase.

Can you eat 2 year expired popcorn? ›

Can you eat expired popcorn? Yes, you can still eat expired popcorn, as long as it doesn't show any signs of spoilage like mold or an off smell. However, keep in mind that the quality, especially its texture and popping ability, might decline the further you go past the expiration date.

Can you use flour 4 years out of date? ›

Wheat-based refined flours usually can be used past the expiration date (up to a year at your house), especially if it's been stored in a cool, dry place. 2 You'll want to be careful about self-rising flour, though, as the baking powder that's mixed into the flour can lose its effectiveness over time.

How long after the expiration date is milk good? ›

Milk can often be consumed after its expiration date, generally for up to three days for opened milk and up to seven days for unopened milk. Before consuming, it's best to look for signs of spoilage. You can tell if milk is bad by checking the smell, color, consistency and taste.

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