Food Safety for Hamburgers and Tailgating (2024)

Posted by Diane Van, Food Safety Education Staff Deputy Director, USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service in Health and Safety

Sep 09, 2011

In anticipation of the beginning of football and tailgating season, I have put together some of the most frequently asked questions that USDA's Meat and Poultry Hotline receives about hamburgers and food safety. Whether you’re grilling burgers at home or outside the stadium, here’s what you need to know:

Do you have guidelines for buying ground beef or hamburgers? What's the best way to handle them?

  • Choose a package that is not torn and feels cold. If possible, put it in a plastic bag so leaking juices won't drip on other foods.
  • Make ground beef one of the last items to go into your shopping cart. Be sure to separate raw meat from ready-cooked items in your cart.
  • Have the cashier bag raw meat separately from other items and plan to drive directly home. You may want to take a cooler with ice for perishables.

How should I store ground beef at home?

Refrigerate or freeze ground beef as soon as possible after purchasing. This preserves freshness and slows growth of bacteria. It can be refrigerated or frozen in its original packaging if the meat will be used soon.

  • If refrigerated, keep at 40 °F or below and use within 1 or 2 days.
  • For longer freezer storage, wrap in heavy duty plastic wrap, aluminum foil, freezer paper, or plastic bags made for freezing. Ground beef is safe indefinitely if kept frozen at 0 °F, but will lose quality over time. It is best if used within 4 months.
  • Never leave ground beef or any perishable food out at room temperature for more than 2 hours (1 hour at 90 °F and above).

Is It Done Yet? How can I tell when my burgers are safely cooked?

Hamburgers should be cooked to a safe minimum internal temperature to destroy harmful bacteria that may be present. Use a food thermometer to be sure they have reached a safe minimum internal temperature of 160 °F. If you’re cooking turkey burgers, they should be cooked to 165 °F.

  • NEVER partially grill meat or poultry and finish cooking later.
  • Keep Hot Food Hot! After cooking meat and poultry on the grill, keep it hot until served — at 140 °F or warmer. Keep cooked meats hot by setting them to the side of the grill rack, not directly over the coals where they could overcook. If you’re at home, the cooked meat can be kept hot in an oven set at approximately 200 °F, in a chafing dish or slow cooker, or on a warming tray.

I worry about my father-in-law forgetting to take a clean plate to the grill for cooked burger. Is it safe to use the same plate for raw and cooked burgers?

No. To prevent foodborne illness, don't use the same platter and utensils for raw and cooked hamburgers. Harmful bacteria present in raw meat and their juices can contaminate safely cooked food. You can either use a clean plate for the cooked burgers or wash the one that held the raw ones.

Can I refrigerate or freeze leftover cooked hamburgers?

Yes, if ground beef is refrigerated promptly after cooking (within 2 hours; 1 hour if the temperature is above 90 °F), it can be safely refrigerated for about 3 or 4 days. If frozen, it should keep its quality for about 4 months.

For more information on the safe preparation and handling of ground beef and hamburgers, check out these fact sheets:

Beef...from Farm to Table

Ground Beef and Food Safety

Tailgating Food Safety Q & A

Is It Done Yet?

If you have any other questions about tailgating, ground beef, or hamburger, feel free to contact us at the Hotline (1-888-674-6854 toll-free) or online at AskKaren.gov

Category/Topic: Health and Safety

Food Safety for Hamburgers and Tailgating (2024)

FAQs

What is food safety for hamburgers? ›

To keep bacterial levels low, store ground beef at 40°F (4.4°C) or below and use within 2 days, or freeze. To destroy harmful bacteria, cook ground beef to a safe minimum internal temperature of 160°F (71.1°C).

When preparing raw hamburger patties for a tailgate event? ›

Remember food safety when tailgating. Always carry cold perishable food like raw hamburger patties, sausages, and chicken in an insulated cooler packed with several inches of ice, frozen gel packs, or containers of ice. Pack a thermometer in the cooler to make sure the food stays at 40 °F or below.

What should the proper internal temperature for a hamburger be for food safety? ›

Hamburger Internal Temperature

The USDA marks the minimum safe temperature for ground beef as 160 degrees Fahrenheit, although not all burgers are cooked to this temperature. Depending on how you're preparing your burger, the meat's internal temperature may not reach 160 degrees Fahrenheit.

What are the food safety implications of eating a burger? ›

Raw and undercooked hamburger patties may contain harmful bacteria that can produce foodborne illness such as pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli), mostly due to improper handling and preparation of the meat.

What is the 5 6 7 rule for burgers? ›

Cooking Your Burgers

The 5-6-7 rule is basically as follows: Rare burgers only require around 5 minutes on each side. Medium-rare burgers with a red and warm center will take about 6 minutes on each side. Medium-done burgers usually require approximately 7 minutes to achieve that pink, warm center.

What is the hamburger law? ›

Existing law, the Sherman Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Law, requires a restaurant selling hamburger or imitation hamburger, as defined, to accurately inform the consumer public of the contents.

Can I pre-cook hamburgers for a party? ›

Keep a straight-sided skillet with a lid or a covered baking dish near your grill station; place cooked burgers inside, covering with the lid each time. The steam will keep them warm till everyone's ready to eat.

How to keep hamburgers warm for a party? ›

How to Keep Hamburgers Warm After Cooking Them | Livestrong.com. When grilling for a crowd, you can keep burgers warm by putting them in an oven preheated to 200 F. A warming pan will also keep them hot until mealtime.

Can you prepare hamburgers ahead of time? ›

If you want to form the patties ahead of time, immediately put them back into the refrigerator until you're all set to begin grilling.

What is the FDA temperature for burgers? ›

Hamburgers should be cooked to a safe minimum internal temperature to destroy harmful bacteria that may be present. Use a food thermometer to be sure they have reached a safe minimum internal temperature of 160 °F. If you're cooking turkey burgers, they should be cooked to 165 °F.

What is the safest burger temp? ›

And since any piece of meat is only as cooked as its least cooked part, you need to cook the ground beef to 160°F (71°C) to ensure it is safe to eat. Of course, with carryover cooking, that means you'll want to pull your burgers at 155°F (68°C) to achieve the best temp possible.

What is the final temperature for burgers? ›

According to the USDA, the minimum safe temperature for ground meat is 160 F/71 C, or well done. For ground turkey or chicken, the minimum safe temperature is a little higher, at 165 F/74 C. 1 It typically takes from 10 to 15 minutes to reach either temperature, depending on the thickness or size of the hamburgers.

What causes food poisoning in burgers? ›

What is hamburger disease? Hamburger disease is a well recognized type of “food poisoning” or “foodborne disease”, caused by a strain of E. coli (E. CO-lie) bacteria, called O157:H7.

What are 3 food safety considerations? ›

4 steps to food safety
  • cleaning – making sure your hands, surfaces and equipment are clean before, during and after cooking.
  • cooking – making sure food is cooked throughout to kill harmful bacteria.
  • chilling – making sure foods are stored at the correct temperature to prevent growth of harmful bacteria.
Jan 4, 2023

How raw can a beef burger be? ›

Make sure the meat is piping hot all the way through. The middle should reach 160°F (70°C) if using a meat thermometer. Ensure the meat is not pink when the burger is cut through the centre. Any juice that runs must be clear, not bloody.

What does the FDA allow in hamburger meat? ›

If labeled as a "Hamburger," it can contain all beef or beef and beef fat. Other permitted ingredients include dry seasonings like spices and flavorings. Water (and other liquids) and fillers (like breadcrumbs and flours) are not permitted.

What are the standards for burgers? ›

Preparing burgers safely at home

Before serving your burgers, always check that: they're steaming hot all the way through. when you cut into the centre, none of the meat is pink. any juices run clear.

What is a safe degree for hamburgers? ›

Hamburgers should be cooked to a safe minimum internal temperature to destroy harmful bacteria that may be present. Use a food thermometer to be sure they have reached a safe minimum internal temperature of 160 °F.

How do you know if burgers are safe to eat? ›

To destroy these bacteria and reduce your risk of food poisoning, cook ground beef thoroughly and use a meat thermometer to verify that its internal temperature reaches 160°F (71°C). It's safest to never eat raw or spoiled ground beef.

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