Cooking without salt: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (2024)

Sodium is one of the main elements in table salt (NaCl or sodium chloride). It is added to many foods to enhance the flavor. Too much sodium is linked to high blood pressure.

Eating a low-salt diet is an important way to take care of your heart. Most people eat about 3,400 mg of sodium a day. This is about twice as much as the American Heart Association recommends. Most healthy people should have no more than 2,300 mg of sodium a day. People over 50 years old, and those who have high blood pressure, may need to limit sodium to 1,500 mg a day or less.

To get down to a healthy level, learn how to trim the excess salt from your diet.

Avoid Prepared Foods

Ready-to-eat foods make dinner preparation easy, but they account for 75% of the sodium in the American diet. They include:

  • Prepared mixes
  • Packaged rice dishes
  • Soups
  • Canned foods
  • Frozen meals
  • Packaged baked goods
  • Fast food

A healthy level of sodium is 140 mg or less per serving. If you use prepared foods, limit sodium by:

  • Looking closely at thenutrition facts label for the milligrams (mg) of sodium per serving. Be sure to note how many servings are in the package.
  • Using products labeled "low-sodium," or "no salt added."
  • Checking the nutrition labels of cereals, bread, and prepared mixes.
  • Rinsing canned beans and vegetables to wash off some of the sodium.
  • Using frozen or fresh vegetables in place of canned vegetables.
  • Avoiding cured meats like ham and bacon, pickles, olives, and other foods prepared in salt.
  • Choosing unsalted brands of nuts and trail mix.

Also, use small amounts of condiments like ketchup, mustard, and soy sauce. Even the low-salt versions are often high in sodium.

Bring on the Fresh Produce

Fruits and vegetables are a great source of flavor and nutrition.

  • Plant-based foods -- carrots, spinach, apples, and peaches -- are naturally low in sodium.
  • Sun-dried tomatoes, dried mushrooms, cranberries, cherries, and other dried fruits are bursting with flavor. Use them in salads and other dishes to add zest.

Explore other flavors when you are cooking.

  • Add a splash of lemon and other citrus fruits, or wine, to soups and other dishes. Use them as a marinade for chicken and other meats.
  • Avoid onion or garlic salt. Instead, use fresh garlic and onion, or onion and garlic powder.
  • Try different types of pepper, including black, white, green, and red.
  • Experiment with vinegars (white and red wine, rice wine, balsamic, and others). For the most flavor, add it at the end of cooking time.
  • Toasted sesame oil adds a savory flavor without added salt.

Read the labels on spice mixes. Some have added salt.

To add a little heat and spice, try:

  • Dry mustard
  • Fresh chopped hot peppers
  • A sprinkle of paprika, cayenne pepper, or dried hot red pepper

Help Yourself to Herbs and Spices

Herbs and spices provide a mix of flavors. If you are not sure what spices to use, do a taste test. Mix a small pinch of a spice or spice mix into a lump of low-fat cream cheese. Let it sit for an hour or more, then try it and see if you like it.

Try these flavors to liven up your meals without salt.

Herbs and spices on vegetables:

  • Carrots -- Cinnamon, cloves, dill, ginger, marjoram, nutmeg, rosemary, sage
  • Corn -- Cumin, curry powder, paprika, parsley
  • Green beans -- Dill, lemon juice, marjoram, oregano, tarragon, thyme
  • Tomatoes -- Basil, bay leaf, dill, marjoram, onion, oregano, parsley, pepper

Herbs and spices on meat:

  • Fish -- Curry powder, dill, dry mustard, lemon juice, paprika, pepper
  • Chicken -- Poultry seasoning, rosemary, sage, tarragon, thyme
  • Pork -- Garlic, onion, sage, pepper, oregano
  • Beef -- Marjoram, nutmeg, sage, thyme

Source: Flavor That Food, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Adjust to Less Salt

You will notice a difference when you first start cooking without salt. Fortunately, your sense of taste will change. After a period of adjustment, most people stop missing salt and start enjoying the other flavors of food.

Salt-free Recipe

There are many great tasting low sodium recipes. Here's one you can try.

Chicken and Spanish Rice

  • One cup (240 mL) onions, chopped
  • Three fourth cup (180 mL) green peppers
  • Two teaspoons (tsp) (10 mL) vegetable oil
  • One 8-oz (240 g) can tomato sauce*
  • One tsp (5 mL) parsley, chopped
  • One half tsp (2.5 mL) black pepper
  • One and a quarter tsp (6 mL) garlic, minced
  • Five cups (1.2 L) cooked brown rice (cooked in unsalted water)
  • Three and a half cups (840 mL) chicken breasts, cooked, skin and bone removed, and diced
  1. In a large skillet, sauté onions and green peppers in oil for 5 minutes on medium heat.
  2. Add tomato sauce and spices. Heat through.
  3. Add cooked rice and chicken. Heat through.

*To further reduce sodium, use one 4-oz (120 g) can of low-sodium tomato sauce and one 4-oz (120 g) can of regular tomato sauce.

Source: Your Guide to Lowering Your Blood Pressure with DASH, U.S. Health and Human Services.

Alternative Names

DASH diet; High blood pressure - DASH; Hypertension - DASH; Low-salt diet - DASH

Images

  • Cooking without salt: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (1)Low sodium diet

References

Appel LJ. Diet and blood pressure. In: Bakris GL, Sorrentino MJ, eds. Hypertension: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 21.

Eckel RH, Jakicic JM, Ard JD, et al. 2013 AHA/ACC guideline on lifestyle management to reduce cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25 Pt B):2960-2984. PMID: 24239922 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24239922/.

Mozaffarian D. Nutrition and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 29.

US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. 9th ed. www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans_2020-2025.pdf. Updated December 2020. Accessed June 18, 2022.

US Department of Health and Human Services website. Your guide to lowering your blood pressure with DASH. www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/public/heart/new_dash.pdf. Accessed June 18, 2022.

Review Date 6/22/2022

Updated by: Stefania Manetti, RD/N, CDCES, RYT200, My Vita Sana LLC - Nourish and heal through food, San Jose, CA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

Related MedlinePlus Health Topics

  • Sodium

Browse the Encyclopedia

Cooking without salt: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (2024)

FAQs

Cooking without salt: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia? ›

Try Salt-free Cooking

Can you cook without salt? ›

You might try herbs, spices, and seasoning blends when cooking. Here is a list of some options for adding taste and zest to your food without using extra salt. General tips: Fruit juices can be used as marinades or as sauces or glazes thickened with cornstarch.

Is it healthy to eat food without salt? ›

Eating less sodium can help prevent, lower, or even control blood pressure. Know your recommended limits for daily sodium intake. Choose foods like fresh fruits and vegetables. Read the nutrition label of the foods you purchase.

What do doctors recommend as salt substitute? ›

Other Healthy Alternatives to Salt
  • Garlic.
  • Lemon juice or zest.
  • Ground black pepper.
  • Dried onion or onion powder.
  • Nutritional yeast.
  • Balsamic, apple cider and red wine vinegars.
  • Paprika.
  • Truffle oil.
Jun 15, 2023

Why do doctors advise patients not to consume a high salt diet? ›

Reducing salt in our diets is a vital step in reducing the risk of developing raised blood pressure; associated cardiovascular diseases such as stroke, heart failure and heart disease; and chronic kidney disease.

Why do doctors say no salt? ›

Eating too much sodium can lead to high blood pressure, which may raise your risk of heart attack and stroke. The good news is that cutting down on sodium can help lower your blood pressure and keep your heart healthy.

What are the benefits of not cooking with salt? ›

Eating a low-salt diet is an important way to take care of your heart. Most people eat about 3,400 mg of sodium a day. This is about twice as much as the American Heart Association recommends. Most healthy people should have no more than 2,300 mg of sodium a day.

Is salt necessary in cooking? ›

The larger crystal will dissolve better in your dish and more evenly disperse the flavor throughout. Salt is important in scratch cooking because when used correctly, it brings out the flavor of all the other ingredients in that dish.

What happens if I stop eating salt? ›

Salt loss (hyponatremia)

Hyponatremia is a condition that occurs when the sodium in your blood falls below the normal range of 135–145 mEq/L. In severe cases, low sodium levels in the body can lead to muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting and dizziness. Eventually, lack of salt can lead to shock, coma and death.

What are the symptoms of too little salt? ›

Signs and symptoms
  • Nausea and/or vomiting.
  • Headache.
  • Muscle weakness, spasms (twitching), or cramps.
  • Low blood pressure.
  • Dizziness when standing up.
  • Low energy or fatigue.
  • Loss of appetite.
  • Restlessness or bad temper.

What are the benefits of not putting salt on food? ›

Eating too much salt can cause high blood pressure, which increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. It's easy to have too much salt (or sodium). Around three quarters of the salt we eat comes from packaged and everyday foods we buy, such as bread, breakfast cereals, meat products and ready meals.

What tastes like salt but is not salt? ›

Potassium Chloride

Salt substitutes made from potassium chloride alone look like regular salt and have a salty flavor, but have zero sodium.

Will no salt raise your blood pressure? ›

Cutting back on sodium can help lower your blood pressure, also known as hypertension. One way to do this is to skip the table salt.

Is Mrs. Dash a good salt substitute? ›

Is Dash a salt substitute? Dash seasoning blends are a salt-free flavoring alternative, not a salt substitute. Dash products contain blends of herbs and spices but no salt and an insignificant amount of potassium, which is sometimes found in salt substitutes.

Which organ is too much salt bad for? ›

"And when you're holding on to more sodium, your body tries to dilute it with water — increasing your blood volume and causing you to retain fluid." Hence the excessive thirst, bloating and blood pressure rise. And if you're frequently consuming excess salt, this process strains your heart, blood vessels and kidneys.

How to tell if your body needs more salt? ›

Signs of lack of salt:
  • Nausea.
  • Headaches.
  • Muscle cramps and weakness.
  • Restlessness.
  • Tiredness.
  • Anxiety.
  • Constipation.
3 days ago

Why is salt so bad for you? ›

The reason we need to restrict the amount we eat is because of the sodium content. Eating lots of sodium is linked to high blood pressure, which in turn is a risk factor for heart disease. Replacing salt with a salt substitute will reduce the amount of sodium you add but won't change your fondness for a salty taste.

Do bananas flush out sodium? ›

Doctors recommend adding foods high in potassium to balance salts in the body. High potassium levels help in excreting sodium. If you have consumed a pizza loaded with cheese, go for a banana immediately as it decreases salts.

What is the healthiest salt substitute? ›

Onions. Onions and onion powder add rich flavor to savory dishes. Onions contain antioxidants and are anti-inflammatory while packing in vitamins and minerals. This makes them a healthy salt substitute and a flavor enhancer.

Are eggs high in sodium? ›

One boiled egg has about 65 mg of sodium, which accounts for 4-5% of most people's recommended daily sodium intake. As a result, hard-boiled eggs are not considered high in sodium when prepared and eaten plain.

What happens if you don't use salt? ›

Salt loss (hyponatremia)

If too much salt is lost, the level of fluid in the blood will drop. Hyponatremia is a condition that occurs when the sodium in your blood falls below the normal range of 135–145 mEq/L. In severe cases, low sodium levels in the body can lead to muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting and dizziness.

Is it OK to not add salt to food? ›

Sodium and chloride occur naturally in many foods and it's not necessary to add them to prepared foods. A balanced diet based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans​​ contains more than enough sodium to meet our daily requirement.

What happens when you leave salt out of a recipe? ›

It Adds Flavor

In larger amounts, it reduces the sweet and enhances umami, so your savory recipes stand out. If you forget the salt, your bread will likely taste bland unless you have other ingredients to compensate.

Can I survive without salt? ›

A balance between needing salt with the risk of having too much. We can't survive without it. It's crucial for our nervous system to function, our muscles to contract and relax, and for maintaining fluid balance. However, the amount that we need is actually very small: less than a quarter of a teaspoon a day.

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